Study on the correlation between ceramic and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Foshan City / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To study the correlation between ceramic and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and explore its related risk factors. Methods: In January 2021, five representative ceramic enterprises were selected from Chancheng District, Nanhai District, Gaoming District and Sanshui District of Foshan City. The ceramic workers who came to Chancheng Hospital of Foshan First People's Hospital for physical examination from January to October 2021 were selected as the research objects, and 525 people were included. Conduct questionnaire survey and pulmonary function test. Logistic regresion was performed to analyze the influencing facters of COPD among ceramic workers. Results: The subjects were (38.51±1.25) years old, 328 males and 197 females, and the detection rate of COPD was 9.52% (50/525). The incidence of respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, chronic cough, wheezing and chest tightness, the detection rates of abnormal lung age, abnormal lung function and COPD in males were higher than those in females (P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that male, age, working years, smoking status and family history of COPD were the risk factors for COPD among ceramic workers (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The ceramic workers are the high risk population of COPD. We should do a good job in health education, and do a regular physical examination to find the changes of lung function in time, and prevent the occurrence of COPD as soon as possible.

Application of Trace Biological Evidence Collection Kit in DNA Examination of Trace Bloodstain Samples from the Scene / 法医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of DNA examination of trace bloodstain samples from the scene collected with Trace Biological Evidence Collection kit. Methods Venous blood was made into bloodstains on the ground. The trace bloodstain samples were collected with Trace Biological Evidence Collection kit and common methods, respectively. DNA examination of trace bloodstain samples （50 from each group） was conducted on the constant temperature shaker for 2, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively, and the examination results of every group were compared. Results When the trace bloodstain samples were placed on the constant temperature shaker for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, the DNA detection rates in the group which used Trace Biological Evidence Collection kit （100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 96.00%） were significantly higher than those in the group using common methods （62.00%, 26.00%, 10.00%, 0）, the differences had statistical significance （P<0.05）. When the trace bloodstain samples were placed on the constant temperature shaker for 2 h, the differences of DNA detection rates between the two groups had no statistical significance （ P>0.05）. Conclusion The Trace Biological Evidence Collection kit can effectively improve DNA detection rate and extend detection time limit for trace bloodstain samples from the scene that have been stored for a relatively long time.

Effect of Benzidine Test on DNA Analysis of Bloodstain / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of benzidine test and related reagents on DNA analysis of bloodstain. Methods A total of 970 bloodstain filter paper samples with 1μL venous blood were collected, and 10 of them acted as control samples. After benzidine test and related reagent processing, DNA of 960 samples was extracted by Chelex-100 and silica bead methods and then multiplex amplified by AmpF(e)STRTM IdentifilerTM Plus PCR kits. The results of STR typing were compared between different groups. Results DNA were extracted immediately after benzidine test. Totally STR loci (3.80±1.34) were detected by silica bead method, while no STR loci were obtained by Chelex-100 method. Thirteen sam-ples (21.7％) with whole STR typing results were obtained by drying after benzidine test, and the STR locus number (12.90±1.49) which obtained by silica bead method was much higher than by Chelex-100 method (4.70±1.96) (P<0.05). When DNA was extracted immediately after the addition of glacial acetic acid, the STR locus number was (9.40±2.09) by silica bead method, but no STR typing result was obtained by Chelex-100 method. All 15 STR loci could be obtained by only adding glacial acetic acid after drying and only adding tetramethylbenzidine alcoholization liquid or 3％ hydrogen peroxide liquid. Conclusion Benzidine test has significant influence on DNA analysis of bloodstain. The Chelex-100 method is not suitable for the DNA extraction of bloodstain after benzidine test. Drying after benzidine test and silica bead methods can effectively enhance the STR locus number of bloodstain.

Polymorphisms of 23 Y-chromosome STR Loci in A Han Population in Jiangsu Province / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the polymorphisms of 23 Y-STR loci in a Han population in Jiangsu province. Methods Blood samples were collected from 4821 unrelated healthy Han males in Jiangsu province. DNA templates were amplified by PowerPlex Y23 kit,and the amplification products were detected by 3500xL genetic analyzer. Then,we calculated the allele frequencies and gene diversities respectively,as well as the haplotype frequencies and haplotype diversities. Results The gene diversity of these 23 Y-STR loci ranged 0.4099-0.9696. A total of 4781 haplotypes were detected,of which 4743 were found once. The haplotype diversity was 0.99999812. Conclusion The 23 Y-STR loci used in this study are highly polymorphic in Han individuals in Jiangsu province and therefore suitable for population genetic study and forensic individual identification.

Analysis of the prevention and control of endemic arsenism in Qianxinan State of Guizhou Province in 30 years / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To summarize the prevention and control of endemic arsenism in Qianxinan state of Guizhou Province in 30 years,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of arsenic poisoning. Methods According to the documentary information of endemic arsenism in Qianxinan state of Guizhou Province of 1976-2005.and the data from samples monitoring of published article,to discuss the general situation of prevention and control by time sequence.Results There were 3 large outbreaks in Xingren County in 1976.in Jiaole District in 1991,in Xingyi City and Anlong County in 1992-1994 with 877,1548 and 594 patients respcctively.The arsenic quantities of various areas of burning-coal were 3361,2130,352 and 2150 mg/kg,which were obviouslv above national standards(1 00 mg/kg).The arsenic quantities of samples were 1.34,1.34,0.71 and 0.39 mg/L in urine,and 53.50,53.50,58.60 and 12.60 mg/kg in hair.The national standards of the two samples were 0.17 mg/L and 0.28 mg/kg.The dead causes of 236 arsenism decedent were 45.3%(107/236)cancer,26.3% (62/236)hepatocirrhosis ascites,5.9%(14/230)lung-cardiopathy in 1992-2000.Other systemic damages were found.Conclusions Reducing the use of high-arsenic coal is crucial in prevention of endemic arsenism.Only the long-term mechanism is established and the strong prevention and control measures are formulated,the occurrence of endemic arsenism can be effectively controlled.

Comparative research of the influence factors of DNA extraction of bloodstain on the filter paper with Chelex-100 method / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To improve DNA extraction from bloodstain on the filter paper and to establish a rapid, simple, and cost-effective method for DNA extraction suitable for database construction.@*METHODS@#Seven hundred and fifty two aged bloodstains on filter paper were randomly divided into four groups. The four different DNA extraction methods were compared with each other, and two DNA extraction methods used for 63 fresh bloodstains on filter paper were also compared with each other.@*RESULTS@#There were no statistically significant differences observed among the four DNA extraction methods (P > 0.05) for aged bloodstains on filter paper; But the difference between the two DNA extraction methods for fresh bloodstains on filter paper was obviously (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Extraction of DNA samples from aged bloodstains on filter paper can be accomplished by using Chlex-100 methodology directly with no need to wash the bloodstains.

Clinical study on a randomized, double-blind control of Shenwu gelatin capsule in treatment of mild cognitive impairment / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness of Shenwu gelatin capsule (compound Chinese ginseng and fleeceflower root etc) in the treatment on senile mild cognitive impairment.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>166 patients meeting criteria for mild cognitive impairment were selected from patients in Dongzhimen Hospital and were randomly assigned into a treatment group (n = 83 cases), given 5 capsules of Shenwu gelatin capsule, and a positive control group (n = 83 cases) , given 2 capsules of aniracetam with 3 placebo capsules. All subjects took this medication 3 times a day for 3 months, double-blind and double-moulding control were used in this study. At a baseline and end (three months later), all subjects were assessed using a battery consisting of MMSE and clinical memory scale (CMS).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Both Shenwu gelatin capsule and aniracetam can remarkably increase the score of memory quotient (MQ), P < 0. 01. They have the similarly effectiveness, there are no statistical difference between the two groups in effectiveness of increasing memory scores.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shenwu gelatin capsule has certain effects on mild cognitive impairment.</p>

A clinical study on a randomized, double-blind control of Chinese medicine granules in treatment of vascular dementia / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese medicine granules (Compound Chinese extract from herbs) in the treatment on senile vascular dementia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>One hundred and twenty patients meeting criteria for vascular dementia were selected from patients in Dongzhimen Hospital and were randomly assigned into a treatment group (n = 70 cases), given 1 package of Chinese medicine granules with 1 placebo tablets, and a positive control group (n = 50 cases), given 1 tablets of Duxil with 1 package of placebo. All subjects took this medication 3 times a day for 2 months. Double-blind and double-moulding control were used in this study. At a baseline and end (two months later), all subjects were assessed using a battery consisting of MMSE and Blessed behavior measuring scale.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Both Chinese medicine granules and Duxil could remarkably increase the score of cognition and activity (P < 0.01). They had Similarly effectiveness and there was no statistical difference between the two groups in effectiveness of increasing memory scores. Chinese medicine granules was better than Duxil in increasing the scores of behavior (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese medicine granules has certain effects on vascular dementia. And it has remarkable effectiveness in ameliorating the status of total body. And it can relieve the symptoms in vascular dementia.</p>

The influence of CGE on expression of IL-1beta and c-fos protein in the hippocampus region in rats following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe inhibiting effect of CGE (compound ginseng extract) on increased expression of IL-1beta and c-fos protein following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The vascular dementia model was made by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 hours. Expression of IL-1beta and c-fos were determined by immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus regions in brain tissue at the 0.5 h-7 d after reperfusion. CGE was diluted by CMC and poured into the stomach by 0.7 mL x (100 g)(-1) with a high dosage (19.34 x 10(3) g x L(-1) row herbs), a middle dosage (9.67 x 10(3) g x L(-1)), a low dosage (4.83 x 10(3) g x L(-1)). There were an IL-1ra (rhIL-1ra 20 microg injected into the left cerebral ventricle), a sham operation (NaCl 20 microL injected into the left cerebral ventricle) and a model as control.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with control group, three dose groups (low, middle and high) in CGE showed significant inhibiting effects on the expression of c-fos protein at 2, 3, 4, 12 hours and 3 day following cerebral ischaemic-reperfusion. The level of the inhibiting effects in small and middle groups were lower at all time points than that in IL-1ra group (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). CGE inhibited the expression of hippocampus IL-1beta protein, taking effect from the 2 h after reperfusion. Both HD group (531 +/- 151.1) and MD group (589.3 +/- 78.6) showed more obvious effect which lasted until the 72 h compared with the model group (687.6 +/- 116.7) (P < 0.01 and 0.05). Large dose group (81.3 +/- 16.1) showed the same level of the inhibiting effect on expression of c-fos protein as IL-1ra group (67.2 +/- 25.7) from 4 hour on following cerebral ischaemic reperfusion (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CGE with function of Yiqi Bushen, Huoxue Huatan has effect of inhibiting up-regulated expression of IL-1beta and c-fos protein following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, this effect of CGE starts relatively later than that of IL-1ra. The effect of CGE is associated with its dosage, i.e. a larger dosage has a better effect on expression of c-fos protein in post-stroke dementia.</p>

A follow-up study on a randomized, single-blind control of King's Brain pills in treatment of memory disorder in elderly people with MCI in a Beijing community / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of King's Brain pills (Compound Chinese ginseng extract from herbs) on the treatment and the delaying of memory decline in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a community by a year follow-up of neuropsychology.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>75 patients with MCI were selected from Beixinqiao community of Beijing by a cutoff score of 0.0/0.5 on CDR and were randomly assigned into a treatment group (n = 30 cases), given 4 pills of a compound Chinese ginseng extract (King's Brain) with 2 placebo tablets, and a positive control group (n = 30 cases), given 2 tablets of Piracetam with 4 placebo tablets, as well as a placebo group (n = 15 cases), given a placebo of 4 tablets and 2 pills. All subjects took this medication 3 times a day for 3 months. Single-blind and double-moulding control were used in this study. At a baseline and a middlepoint (after 3 months), and a follow-up end (one year later) following a three months of medication therapeutics, all subjects were assessed using a battery consisting of MMSE and 5 memory items on BNPT battery.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In the treatment group, MMSE score 27.50 +/- 1.68 was increased to 28.27 +/- 1.70 after 3 months but decreased to 26.90 +/- 1.90 after one year of the treatment. However, the latter score was higher than that in a placebo group 26.33 +/- 1.03 (P < 0.05). Verbal Learning Test score was significantly increased from 68.73 +/- 28.74 at baseline to 87.33 +/- 29.78 at follow-up point in the treatment group, which was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (P < 0.01). The total score of memory items on BNPT battery was significantly increased from 78.23 +/- 28.98 at baseline to 93.53 +/- 35.56 at follow-up point in the treatment group, higher than that in Piracetam group (P < 0.05) and the placebo group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both King's Brain spills and piracetam tablets have protective effect on cognitive and memory decline in elderly with MCI.</p>